History of Olives
Olive trees, 'Olea europaea, are the oldest trees in fruit and are undoubtedly one of the more fruit trees largest in history. Olive Tree Culture has been closely linked to the rise and fall of Mediterranean empires and other advanced civilizations throughout the ages. Because olive trees offered wealth and food supply in the future to establish civilizations, farming nations has become a stable, resulting waiting outside in a past experience of food uninterrupted supply of oil. This is a necessary factor for population growth and increase. Reliable production of fruits and production of olive oil, olives, means that there must be a stable and peaceful environment. This stability should last for many years, from the oldest olive tree planting took eight years or more before producing the first crop of fruit. Production orchards olive oil means that the basis of the great empires of Greece and Rome have been raised and developed in the forces of economic and political systems. Interestingly, the historical decline of these empires was for the destruction of their olive groves, which have reduced available supplies of olives, olive oil, wood olive oil soap. In connection with the destruction of olive groves, is interesting to note that in the wars of Israel with Palestine, 50,000 trees were destroyed by the Israeli bulldozers. This act of destruction of Agricultural and anger caused considerable discomfort along the Gaza Strip and West Bank, because the economic survival many Palestinian farmers depended on their products, trees uprooted olive. In addition, the olive has historically been a "peace and a symbol of goodwill ", and when trees were leveled near the city of Bethlehem, the birthplace of Jesus and the" cradle of biblical history, " the elimination of olives seemed a deliberate provocation aimed at ending the "peace" with the settlers and Palestinian farmers.
The Greeks recognized that, in his vast empire, which should avoid hostilities and war during the period Olympic Games were held, and said a ceasefire in the world, what could turn its attention to sporting events and games.
Medicinal properties of olive oil have been reported by many ancient writers and Greek philosophers, their importance in creating wealth and nutritional benefits for Greek citizens still much today – some Greek olive groves containing one or more million trees. Aristotle wrote extensively on accepted methods of the trees that grow successfully.
Greek Mythology tells us that Athena, goddess of wisdom and peace, he struck his spear into the magical land, and became an olive tree, is where the olive tree appeared and grew was named Athens in honor of the goddess Athena. Local legend says that the original olive tree still exists after centuries of growth in the ancient holy site. Citizens continue to claim that all Greek olive trees from cuttings that are grown from the original olive tree. Homer argued in its pleadings that the olive tree that grows in ancient Athens, It is 10,000 years. Homer stated that Greek courts sentenced to death if the people who destroyed an olive tree. Olympia in 775 BC, Greece, site of the stadium Olympic athletes old competed and trained, and the winners were triumphantly acclaimed and crowned with a wreath of olive branches. But the ancient coins were minted in Athens represents the face of the goddess Athena, with a wreath of olive leaves on his helmet, a clay pot with olive oil. The Greeks started the cultivation of olives in 700 BC. The sacred fire that has been used in ancient Greek culture for lighting dark rooms, the night was fueled by olive oil. Living In olive oil is also used in rituals the sacred anointing of the church for weddings and christenings. Herodotus wrote in 500 BC, the production and export of olives and olive oil were so sacred that only virgins and eunuchs were allowed to grow olives. The first documented plantings of olive trees may have occurred during the Minoan civilization on Crete and would have been more and more around 3500 BC. Civilization that predates the discovery of fossil oil Mycenae from 1600 to BC and later in the Greek empire. Sturt Manning, an archaeologist at Cornell University, published in Science Magazine Live (28 April 2005) that the most devastating volcano occurred in 10,000 years in the Greek island of Thera, after the city of Akrotiri was completely buried by falling ash. The discovery of fossil wood and seeds olive oil buried near the site through carbon dating showed that the volcanic eruption occurred between 1660 and 1600 BC, and may have contributed to the destruction Total advanced Minoan civilization (Atlantis) on the island of Crete and may have led to the formation of the Sahara Desert in North Africa after the vaporization of native forests.
In the Old Testament of the Hebrew Bible (Gen 8:11), Noah was an olive branch of a dove, after the great flood as a symbol of peace and love of God, which remains today. In the book of Exodus, Moses explains that God expected of olive oil for use in various rituals that are carried out by the priests of Israel. Olive oil was used as anointing oil to pay over the heads of kings and priests who have acknowledged their authority as a agent of God. Many other references to the olives are given in the Bible. Psalms 52:8 "But I am like a green olive tree in the house of God, I trust in God's faithful love for the forever and ever. "Finally, Jesus would spend his last day in prayer on the Mount of Olives, Mount of Olives in Jerusalem before his crucifixion. Jesus is arrested, tried, convicted, crucified, and ascended into heaven after his resurrection from the grave.
Impressionist artists were surprised by age and beauty of trees and their productivity leading to master of paintings by Van Gogh, Cezanne, Renoir, Matisse. World Bible Great Reporters, writers and olive immortalized poets, people like Jesus, Milton, Shakespeare and Lord Byron.
Thomas Jefferson wrote: "The olive tree is the richest gift of heaven." U.S. Homeland Security Department has reported "Benjamin Franklin and Thomas Jefferson, who went abroad, made from plant material, such as olives and rice again in the United States to develop U.S. agricultural production. "Thomas Jefferson was the U.S. ambassador to France during the War of Independence, and began importing olive trees and seeds in the southern United States, the humidity of South Carolina and Georgia unprofitable orchard of olive trees to grow appropriately in these areas. Jefferson wrote "The greatest service we can render a country is to add a useful plant to its culture." He finished the introduction olive trees and dry rice in South Carolina as two of its higher life-time achievements. Thomas Jefferson wrote to James Ronaldson on 13 January 1813, "there is now twenty-five years since I sent (southern planters), two shipments of approximately 500 plants of olive d'Aix, the world's most beautiful trees. "
The flowers are fragrant olive trees and color of small creamy white, hidden in the foliage. Some cultivars are self-pollinate, but others no. The flowers usually start to appear in April and may continue for many months. A wild olive planting usually begins to flower and bear fruit at the age of 8 years. The olive fruit is a purple-black when fully ripe, but some varieties are green when ripe and some olives to make brown copper. The size of the olive fruit is variable, even within the same tree, and the shape varies from round to oval tip ends. Some olives can be eaten fresh after drying in the sun and the taste is sweet, but most olive cultivars are bitter and must be treated by different chemical solutions before developing into edible olives. If the olives on the trees thinned to 2 or 3 per branch, the final size of the olives will be much greater. The fruits are collected in mid-October and should be treated as soon as possible to prevent fermentation and decreased quality.
The olive leaves are gray-green and replaced at intervals of 2-3 years in spring after new growth appears. The annual pruning is gravely important to ensure continuous production. The trees were removed non-productive members "So it will be more fruitful" John 15:2. An olive tree can reach 50 feet, a division of members of 30 feet, but most producers keep the tree pruned to 20 feet for maximum production. New outbreaks and tree roots spring from the stump of an olive tree, even if trees are removed. Some trees are supposed to be over a thousand years, and most live to the ripe age of 500 years.
The olives are usually driven with sticks, harvested mechanically or by shaking the fruit trees on the canvas. Most ripening olives trees are removed after most fruit begins to change color. It is important to squeeze the olive oil in a day after harvest or fermentation or decrease over the taste and quality is to occur. Olive oil can be consumed or used in the kitchen immediately after collection of the press. Olive oil is unique and different, each brand of olive oil has its own character, determined by many factors such as differences in taste only found in fine wines. Commercial preparation of olive oils can vary greatly in flavor, fruit flavored, if the taste is flowers, nutty, delicate, or sweet, and the color of olive oil varies greatly.
Olive oil produces many benefits to health when used in cooking or when poured over salads. The use of olive oil can improve digestion and can benefit cardiac metabolism due to its low cholesterol content. Experts say that consumption of olive oil will bring a person to grow shiny hair, prevent dandruff, prevent wrinkles, prevent dry skin and acne, strengthen nails, muscles stop pain, lower blood pressure and reverse the effects of alcohol.
Olive trees can survive Drought and strong winds, and that grows well in well-drained soil a pH of 8.5 and trees can tolerate conditions in seawater. In Europe, trees are normally fertilized biennially to an organic fertilizer. Other effects can be avoided by pruning and generally trees to respond quickly and favorably.
Trees must be purchased that have been vegetatively propagated or grafted, because the seeds of trees grown again a wild type that yields small olives with a bland taste. The olive trees are more resistant to diseases and insects that all fruit trees and, therefore, are sprayed less than any other crop.
The Romans conquered Greece in 146 BC, and the winners have secrets of olive in Rome, but since then, Greece has remained the largest exporter of olive oil over the centuries. The olive appears to be ideal for cultivation in the temperate climate of the Mediterranean countries. The trees grow well in dry areas with mild winters and long summers and hot, with the support to the same conditions of drought or high winds. The European Mediterranean produces 98% of the global supply of oil. Seed oil is believed that have been brought to California in 1769 to develop resistant trees in Fahrenheit: 12. These trees have been planted by the Franciscan monasteries in Spain.
Even if commercial olive production in the United States is only 2% of the world, a great interest in growing olives in the whole South was stimulated by the recent introduction of hardy trees promise European olive growers. Many European immigrants to the United States grow their own trees in containers that can move in and out of the house during seasonal changes.
About the Author
Patrick A. Malcolm, owner of TyTy Nursery, has an M.S. degree in Biochemistry and has cultivated fruit trees for over three decades.
1914 Paul Cezanne \ Vollard
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